
Before utility installs an advanced metering system, or any type of smart system, it must make business case for the investment. These technologies rely on and contribute to each of the other four key areas. Regulatory or legislative actions can also drive utilities to implement pieces of smart grid puzzle. This oneway flow of information is expensive the last 10 of generating capacity be required as little as 1 of the time, and brownouts and outages can be costly to consumers. The total load connected to the power grid can vary significantly over time.
Although the total load is the sum of many individual choices of the clients, the overall load is not stable, slow varying, average power consumption. Department of Energy, Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, IBM Energy and Utilities Global ResidentialSmall Business Consumer Survey Also personal preferences of customers utilities find it difficult to justify installing communications infrastructure for single application Imagine the increment of the load if popular television program starts and millions of televisions will draw current instantly.
These include substation automation, advanced meter reading AMR, demand response, distribution automation, supervisory control and data acquisition SCADA, energy management systems, RF mesh networks, other wireless technologies, powerline carrier, and fiberoptics. Integration of smallscale, localized, or onsite power generation allows residential, commercial, and industrial customers to selfgenerate and sell excess power to the grid through netmetering. In so doing, Enel essentially invented the Smart Grid. In the US, Austin Energy has been working on building its smart grid since when it first replaced of its manual meters with smart meters.
Department of Energy, Office of Electric Transmission and Distribution, National Electric Delivery Technologies Roadmap, This enables consumers to better manage energy use and reduce energy costs. smart grid warn all individual television sets, or another larger customer, to reduce the load temporarily to start up larger generator or continuously in case of limited resources.In many countries, including the Netherlands and the UK, the electric companies installed double tariff electricity meters in many homes, to encourage people to use their electric power during night time, when the overall demand from the industry was very low.
Tags: smart grid



